Expressive Piano Performance Rendering from Unpaired Data

Recent advances in data-driven expressive performance rendering have enabled automatic models to reproduce the characteristics and the variability of human performances of musical compositions. However, these models need to be trained with aligned pairs of scores and performances and they rely notably on score-specific markings, which limits their scope of application. This work tackles the piano performance rendering task in a low-informed setting by only considering the score note information and without aligned data.
The proposed model relies on an adversarial training where the basic score notes properties are modified in order to reproduce the expressive qualities contained in a dataset of real performances. First results for unaligned score-to-performance rendering are presented through a conducted listening test. While the interpretation quality is not on par with highly-supervised methods and human renditions, our method shows promising results for transferring realistic expressivity into scores.

DDSP-Piano: A Neural Sound Synthesizer Informed by Instrument Knowledge

Instrument sound synthesis using deep neural networks has received numerous improvements over the last couple of years. Among them, the Differentiable Digital Signal Processing (DDSP) framework has modernized the spectral modeling paradigm by including signal-based synthesizers and effects into fully differentiable architectures. The present work extends the applications of DDSP to the task of polyphonic sound synthesis, with the proposal of a differentiable piano synthesizer conditioned on MIDI inputs. The model architecture is motivated by high-level acoustic modeling knowledge of the instrument, which, along with the sound structure priors inherent to the DDSP components, makes for a lightweight, interpretable, and realistic-sounding piano model. A subjective listening test has revealed that the proposed approach achieves better sound quality than a state-of-the-art neural-based piano synthesizer, but physical-modeling-based models still hold the best quality. Leveraging its interpretability and modularity, a qualitative analysis of the model behavior was also conducted: it highlights where additional modeling knowledge and optimization procedures could be inserted in order to improve the synthesis quality and the manipulation of sound properties. Eventually, the proposed differentiable synthesizer can be further used with other deep learning models for alternative musical tasks handling polyphonic audio and symbolic data.